[1] It was developed utilizing Medarex's UltiMAb(R) technology by Bristol-Myers Squibb for the treatment of cancer and solid tumors.

[9] Current clinical trials combine Urelumab with chemotherapy (NCT00351325), chemoradiation (NCT00461110), ipilimumab (NCT00803374), rituximab (NCT01775631, NCT02420938), cetuximab (NCT02110082), and elotuzumab (NCT02252263), nivolumab (NCT02253992) for metastatic solid tumors, NSCLC, melanoma, B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, colorectal cancer, and multiple myeloma.

[7] The success of Urelumab in promoting anti-tumor immunity in clinical trials has been hampered by the fact that it is dose-limited.

[4][5][6] In phase I and II clinical trials, Urelumab caused severe hepatotoxicity in more than 5% of patients enrolled.

[10] After two hepatotoxicity-related deaths in December 2008, enrollment was halted in all urelumab clinical studies globally, but were restarted in 2012.

[4] This issue has hindered the clinical success of Urelumab today in establishing anti-tumor immunity in human cancer patients.