Treitz was born on 9 April 1819 in Hostomice, Bohemia.
Subsequently, he practiced medicine at the Jagellonian University in Kraków, returning to Prague in 1855, where he became a professor and director of the institute of pathological anatomy.
Throughout his career, Treitz was a figure in the struggle for Czech nationalism.
On 27 August 1872, at the age of 53, he committed suicide by ingesting potassium cyanide.
This ligament is a fibrous structure by which the duodenojejunal junction is fixed to the right crus of the diaphragm.