VL Paarma (English: Gadfly) was a Finnish biplane, two-seat trainer aircraft, designed by the State Aircraft Factory (Valtion Lentokonetehdas) for use with the Finnish Air Force.
A prototype was constructed in 1930–31 and made its maiden flight on 20 March 1931.
The aircraft was, however, under-powered, and the flight characteristics were poor.
Suggestions for improvements were made and the engine was replaced by a higher-powered one.
Tikkakoski: Keski-Suomen ilmailumuseo[2]General characteristics Performance