In the late 1850s, Dr. Vaiden gave the right-of-way through his land for construction of the last span of the Central Railroad, in order to connect the state capital, Jackson, with Memphis, Tennessee.

The new town was named in honor of Dr. Vaiden, and was made a regular stop on the railroad line.

With additional development of population in the county, residents wanted to have access to a town closer to the Mississippi River.

According to the United States Census Bureau, Vaiden has a total area of 2.2 square miles (5.6 km2), all land.

[2] As of the 2020 United States census, there were 907 people, 217 households, and 112 families residing in the town.

That year the district leadership proposed closing the school, an action criticized by George Tubreville, mayor of Vaiden.

[10] The consolidation of Vaiden High and a decline in enrollment at Hathorne contributed to the district deciding to close the elementary school.

In 2014 Central Mississippi Inc., intending to establish a Head Start program, bought the school for $136,000.