[1] It stretches from Folkestone[2] on the Kent coast, through Ashford, Harrietsham, Maidstone, Riverhead/Sevenoaks, Westerham, Oxted, Godstone, Redhill, Reigate, Dorking, Gomshall, and Guildford – west of which it is also called by the local name of "Puttenham Vale" – as it continues through the village of Puttenham, to the market town of Farnham.
The valley's composition is primarily Gault Clay and Upper Greensand, with Lower Chalk wash at the foot of the Downs along its north edge and eroded Lower Greensand at its south edge also forming part of the valley floor in places.
[1] The vale gently ascends and descends several times along its length, with higher elevations near Lenham and Westerham (in Kent), and Wotton (in Surrey)[2] acting as drainage divides for the valley's several drainage basins and rivers.
The valley is part of the drainage basins of the rivers Stour and Medway; and the Thames tributaries the Darent and Mole.
The North Downs railway line runs along the valley from Redhill to Gomshall.