Valeria, Spain (Roman city)

Its impressive ruins are located on a spectacular site near the modern town of Valeria (Cuenca, Castilla-La Mancha).

[1] Valeria was founded on land conquered from the celtiberians, between 93 and 82 BC when Valerius Flaccus became proconsul of Hispania Citerior, since when it has preserved the name that refers to its founder.

To the south lies a monumental staircase to the forum, a series of shops and the most iconic building of Valeria, the Nymphaeum, over 100 metres long.

The hillside fell abruptly on this side of the Forum and it was necessary to build a high retaining wall which would have compromised its aesthetic appearance.

Therefore the designer of the forum took advantage of this wall to create a shrine to water gods, typical in the celtibérian world.

Their roofs served as part of an elongated terrace at a lower floor level of the Forum and divided into two halves, one like a large balcony supporting the retaining wall on the rear and providing a view over all the city, and the other half covered and attached to nymphaeum.

The objects found at this site are in the museum of Cuenca, including the treasure of Valeria consisting of silver coins dating from the period after the Second Punic War in about 185 BC.

Cisterns built under the forum to collect and store rainwater under Claudius
The Nympheum (foreground) and shops
View from villa