[2] Varsak was listed among the Turkmen tribes who established themselves in southern Anatolia by 14th-century sources from the Mamluk Sultanate, such as Ṣubḥ al-aʿshā of al-Qalqashandi and Zubdat Kashf al-Mamalik of Ibn Shahin al-Zahiri.

[3] The Varsaks were among the most powerful Turkmen tribes who joined the Karamanid princes Pir Ahmed and Kasim in their struggle against the Ottoman state.

With tribal support, Pir Ahmed and Kasim took over various Anatolian towns including Aksaray, Develi, Ereğli, Larende, and Niğde, although they failed to capture Konya.

Chief of the Varsaks, Uyuz Beg, and his men flanked Rum Mehmed Pasha in the Taurus Mountains, disrupting the Ottoman hopes to extinguish the Karamanids.

He captured the rebellious fortresses of Varkoy, Uçhisar, and Ortahisar, exiled the residents of Aksaray to Constantinople, and repaired the fortifications of Mut and Niğde.