List of vassal prince peerages of the Ming dynasty

After Zhu Yuanzhang (Hongwu Emperor) founded the Ming dynasty, he designated his eldest son, Zhu Biao, as crown prince, and enfeoffed all of his other sons and a grandnephew as vassal princes.

Hongwu Emperor also posthumously bestowed his late patrilineal and matrilineal relatives with princely titles.

[1][2][3] After the Hongwu Emperor was enthroned, he posthumously honored and bestowed on his brothers and patrilineal relatives various second-rank princely titles.

Below shows all of the posthumous princes of the imperial house, including descendants of Zhu Biao and Southern Ming princes, but excluding matrilineal relatives of the Hongwu Emperor and other nobles, as they cannot be considered members of the imperial house.

During the reign of Yongli Emperor, he abolished the regulation under the force of Sun Kewang [zh] and granted various princely titles to Sun Kewang, Li Dingguo, Zheng Chenggong (known as Koxinga) and other military officers of Southern Ming.