[5][6] It is encoded by Solute carrier family 18, member 3 (SLC18A3) gene, located within the first intron of the choline acetyltransferase gene.

VAChT is able to transport ACh into vesicles by relying on an exchange between protons (H+) that were previously pumped into the vesicle diffusing out, thus acting as an antiporter.

ACh molecules are then carried into the vesicle by the action of exiting protons.

[7] Acetylcholine transport utilizes a proton gradient established by a vacuolar ATPase.

PET imaging of the VAChT may provide insights into early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.