Vicente Nieto had a long military career in Spain, fighting in the French Revolutionary Wars.
He returned to Spain in 1808 because of the Peninsular War, and fought at the Battle of Medina de Rioseco.
When, during the May Revolution in May 1810, the independence of Buenos Aires was declared, and a rebel army marched against upper Peru, Nieto joined General José de Córdoba and Francisco de Paula Sanz, governor of Potosí.
Soon all the provinces of upper Peru pronounced for independence, and in the next month, by order of Juan José Castelli, member of the junta gubernativa, the three Spanish chiefs were shot in Potosí.
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