Videodisc

Georges Demeny on March 3, 1892 patented a 'phonoscope', designed in 1891, that can project chronophotographic pictures on a glass disc.

[5] John Logie Baird, created the Phonovision system in the early 1930s, which mechanically produces about four frames per second.

Toulon, a French inventor working at Westinghouse Electric during the 1950s and 1960s patented a system in 1952 (US Patent 3198880) which uses a slow spinning disc with a spiral track of photographically 1.5 millimeter wide recorded frames, along with a flying spot scanner, which sweeps over them to produce a video image.

Westinghouse Electric Corporation developed a system in 1965 called Phonovid, that allows for the playback of 400 stored still images, along with 40 minutes of sound.

[7] In Japan, the TOSBAC computer was using digital video disks to display color pictures at 256x256 image resolution in 1972.

[9] In 1975, Hitachi introduced a video disc system in which chrominance, luminance and sound information are encoded holographically.

[9] Visc is a mechanical video disc system developed in Japan by Matsushita subsidiary National Panasonic in 1978.

Developed by MCA and Philips of the Netherlands, it utilizes an optical reflective system read by a laser beam.

JVC produced a system very similar to CED called Video High Density (VHD).

VHD discs were adopted in the UK by Thorn EMI which started to develop a consumer catalogue, including bespoke material.

The quality is somewhat low due to the compression the MotionPixels codec used, resulting in a playback resolution of only 320x236 at 16 frames per second, using 16-bit high color.

Toshiba failed to reach a similar compromise agreement with Sony in the race to develop a high-definition optical video disc format in the 2000s.