In 1990, Anpilov was nominated as candidate for the Congress of People's Deputies and Moscow city Soviet.

After the dissolution of the USSR, Anpilov became the leader of the movement Labour Russia.

During the 1993 Russian constitutional crisis, he was one of the leaders of the anti-Boris Yeltsin uprising.

In 2007 he took part in the Dissenters March organized to protest against president Vladimir Putin's policies.

[3] Anpilov was a well-known figure and had a certain popularity; sometimes he was also invited as a guest on TV shows.