Viktor was the son of Alois Urbantschitsch, a Slovene physician from Upper Carniola, and his wife, Wilhelmine Mengele.
[1] He studied at the University of Vienna, receiving his medical doctorate in 1870 and his surgical degree in 1871.
In 1885 he became an associate professor and in 1907 succeeded Adam Politzer as head of the university ear hospital.
He focused his attention on the physiology and psycho-physiology of the ear, and researched the influence that head movements had on sound perception.
[3] He was an early practitioner of electric current as a means of treatment,[4] and also introduced a manual massage technique for the Eustachian tube.