The Vilcabamba[1][2][3][4] mountain range is located in the region of Cusco, Peru, in the provinces of Anta, La Convención and Urubamba.

They used to be spelled according to a mainly Spanish-based orthography which is incompatible with the normalized spellings of these languages[citation needed] and Law 29735 which regulates the 'use, preservation, development, recovery, promotion and diffusion of the originary languages of Peru'.

According to Article 20 of Decreto Supremo No 004-2016-MC (Supreme Decree) which approves the Regulations to Law 29735, published in the official newspaper El Peruano on July 22, 2016, adequate spellings of the toponyms in the normalized alphabets of the indigenous languages must progressively be proposed with the aim of standardizing the namings used by the IGN.

[citation needed] Hints to wrong spellings are terms containing hua and hui (instead of wa and wi), "e", "o", "ca", "cu", "qu" or diphthongs among others.

[citation needed] The name Vilcabamba possibly comes from Aymara[6] and Quechua[7][8][9][10] willka: a species of tree, or a local God; and pampa: flat terrain, plain.