During the Second World War, in June 1940, he was one of the 80 who voted against the grant of special powers to Philippe Pétain and the creation of the Vichy régime.
His opposition to Vichy led to his removal as mayor in 1941, and he was arrested and deported to Dachau concentration camp.
After the war he was again elected to parliament, again serving in the lower chamber, now called the National Assembly.
He served in government under Edgar Faure as Minister of Veterans and War Victims from 20 October 1955 to 1 February 1956 and again under Pierre Pflimlin from 14 May 1958 to 1 June 1958.
Historian Jean Sagnes published a series of interviews with Badie in Vive la République (Toulouse, 1987).