Virginia Tango Piatti (pen name Agar; 21 September 1869 – 1 July 1958) was an Italian writer, pacifist, anti-fascist, and women's rights activist.

From 1920, Tango Piatti was involved in the activities of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF) and the leader of the Florence branch of the organization.

[1][2] Her mother was a noblewoman from Turin and the daughter of Antonio Tarizzo Borgialli, Controller of the Royal Finance Department, who had trained her husband at the start of his career.

[2] The nature of her father's employment caused the family to move often in his early career, resulting in Tango's lack of formal education, although she was able to study briefly at a school run by French nuns in Rome.

[3] Eleonora had a large family and Tango frequently visited them at their home, known as Maison Rustique (Rustic House), in Milan to help with the children's education.

[10] Between 1912 and 1918, she frequently published articles in the weekly Il Buon Consigliere (The Good Counselor) against militarism, arms buildup, and heroization of military leaders.

[1][14] Tango Piatti's first book, Le reliquie di un ignoto (1915, The Relics of an Unknown Man) dealt with themes of social inequality.

[1] Historian and professor at the Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Sabrina Fava,[16] listed among Tango Piatti's significant works in juvenile fiction Rori e le sue bestie (Rori and His Beasts, 1926) and Quattro cani a spasso (Four Dogs out for a Walk, 1931) and in theatrical comedies Teatro minimo (Minimal Theater, 1924), Maschere ridenti (Laughing Masks, 1929), and Il Piccolo Tarin (Little Tarin, 1952).

From 1913, Tango Piatti was active in opposing the war, along with the Lombroso sisters, Sibilla Aleramo, Ada Negri, Amelia Pincherle Rosselli, and Margherita Sarfatti.

[15] Along with Genoni, Luisa Magnani, Vittorina Medugno, and Lina Schwarz, Tango Piatti was one of the five Italian delegates who registered to attend the 1921 Women's International League for Peace and Freedom Congress of Vienna.

[23] The summer schools were WILPF organized retreats that allowed the women to gather, attend lectures, and discuss various aspects of international cooperation.

[24] By spring, after the international headquarters had already printed the programs, the summer school had to be cancelled because of an increase in violence due to fascist actions and concern for the safety of the participants.

[2][28] Her written report on the Italian section was published, which explained that collective action had been difficult because of repression by the fascist regime, its nationalist aims, war, and control of the schools and professional organizations.

Maria Rossetti, who attended the Congress, made it clear in her presentation that the current Italian branch had no affiliation with the previous organization or members.

[3] Her residence became the hub of support for the anti-fascist group Giustizia e Libertà (Justice and Freedom), and was used by fugitives like Carlo Rosselli to avoid detection.

[1][2] She was incarcerated in Le Mantellate, a prison in Florence, and then in a civilian internment camp near Monte Generoso, in Lombardy, before being released at end of the year.

[2] Free to travel when the war ended, she visited her son and other family members in Milan, London, and Turin before settling in Lugano, Switzerland in 1954.

[33] In 2015, the Italian sector of WILPF sponsored a seminar, Il Coraggio delle donne per la Pace (The Courage of Women for Peace), in Rome, to highlight the contributions of pacifist feminists in the interwar period in promoting internationalism and opposing fascism.