Wadsworth is in northwestern Livingston County, in the southern part of the town of York.

NY 36, Wadsworth's Main Street, leads north through Greigsville 3.5 miles (5.6 km) to the hamlet of York and south the same distance to Leicester.

Geneseo, the Livingston county seat, is 5 miles (8 km) east of Wadsworth.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the Wadsworth CDP has an area of 0.5 square miles (1.3 km2), all land.

[4] The area around Wadsworth drains south to Beards Creek, an eastward-flowing tributary of the Genesee River.