Walker Anderson (July 18, 1801 – January 18, 1857) was an American lawyer and Democratic politician who served on the Florida Supreme Court from 1851 to 1853.

He studied law at Raleigh, North Carolina and married Phoebe Hawks.

As a delegate, he supported anti bank policies and statehood, and opposed division of the territory.

In May 1841, President John Tyler appointed him United States attorney for West Florida.

Anderson's grandson, Evelyn C. Maxwell, also served as a justice of the Florida Supreme Court.