Donald Trump (2017–2021 and from 2025) Pete Hegseth (from 2025) Keir Starmer (from 2024) John Healey (from 2024) Emmanuel Macron (from 2017) Sébastien Lecornu (from 2022) Anthony Albanese (from 2022) Greg Moriarty (from 2017) Alexander De Croo (from 2020) Ludivine Dedonder (from 2020) Hamad Al Khalifa Mette Frederiksen (from 2019) Troels Lund Poulsen (from 2023) Justin Trudeau (from 2015) Bill Blair (from 2023) Olaf Scholz (from 2021) Boris Pistorius (from 2023) Giorgia Meloni (from 2022) Guido Crosetto (from 2022) Bashar al-Assad (until 2024) Mohammed Shia' Al Sudani (from 2022) Nechirvan Barzani (from 2019)

Saddam Haftar (from 2016) Qasem Soleimani Ali Khamenei Michel Aoun Shehbaz Sharif (from 2022) Hibatullah Akhundzada (from 2016) Abdel Fattah el-Sisi Bola Tinubu (from 2023) Mahamat Déby (from 2021) Paul Biya Abdourahamane Tchiani (from 2023) Abdelmadjid Tebboune (from 2019)

Theresa May (2016–2019) David Cameron (until 2016) Philip Hammond (2014) Michael Fallon (2014–2017) Gavin Williamson (2017–2019) Penny Mordaunt (2019) Robert Ben Lobban Wallace (2019–2023) Rishi Sunak (2022–2024) Grant Shapps (2023–2025) François Hollande (until 2017) Jean-Yves Le Drian (2014–2017) Florence Parly (2017–2022) Scott Morrison (2018–2022) Malcolm Turnbull (2015–2018) Tony Abbott (until 2015) Dennis Richardson (2015–2017) Sophie Wilmès (2019–2020) Charles Michel (2014–2019) Elio Di Rupo (until 2014) Pieter De Crem (2014) Steven Vandeput (2014–2018) Didier Reynders (2018–2019) Philippe Goffin (2019–2020) Stephen Harper (until 2015) Robert Nicholson (2014–2015) Jason Kenney (2015) Anita Anand (2021–2023) Lars Løkke Rasmussen (2015–2019) Helle Thorning-Schmidt (until 2015) Nicolai Wammen (2014–2015) Carl Holst (2015) Peter Christensen (2015–2016) Claus Hjort Frederiksen (2015–2019) Trine Bramsen (2019–2022) Morten Bødskov (2022) Jakob Ellemann-Jensen (2022–2023) Angela Merkel (until 2021) Ursula von der Leyen (2014–2019) Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer (2019–2021) Christine Lambrecht (2021–2023) Mario Draghi (2021–2022) Giuseppe Conte (2018–2021) Paolo Gentiloni (2016–2018) Matteo Renzi (until 2016) Roberta Pinotti (2014–2018) Elisabetta Trenta (2018–2019) Lorenzo Guerini (2019–2022) Mark Rutte (2014-2024) Jeanine Hennis-Plasschaert (2014–2017) Ank Bijleveld (2017–2021) Henk Kamp (2021–2022) Kajsa Ollongren (2022-2024) Erna Solberg (until 2021) Ine Eriksen Søreide (2014–2017) Frank Bakke-Jensen (2017–2022) Odd Roger Enoksen (2021–2022) King Abdullah  # (until 2015) İsmet Yılmaz (2015–2016) Vecdi Gönül (2015) Fikri Işık (2016–2017) Nurettin Canikli (2017–2018) Hulusi Akar (2018–2023) Dmitri Medvedev Sergei Shoigu Mustafa Al-Kadhimi (2020–2022) Adil Abdul-Mahdi (2018–2020) Haider al-Abadi (2014–2018) Nouri al-Maliki (until 2014) Masoud Barzani (until 2017) Imran Khan (2018–2022) Shahid Khaqan Abbasi (2017–2018) Nawaz Sharif (until 2017) Ashraf Ghani (2015–2021) Akhtar Mansour † (2015–2016) Goodluck Jonathan (until 2015) Muhammadu Buhari (until 2023) Idriss Déby † (until 2021) Mohamed Bazoum (2021–2023) Mahamadou Issoufou (until 2021) Pierre Nkurunziza † (until 2020) Abdelaziz Bouteflika (until 2019) Abu Hafs al-Hashimi al-Qurashi (leader) 13,568+ Iraqi civilians killed by Islamic State[62][102][103] 5,939+ Syrian civilians killed by Islamic State[104] 8,317–13,190 civilians killed by Coalition airstrikes in Iraq and Syria (per Airwars) 1,417 civilians killed by Coalition airstrikes in Iraq and Syria (per Coalition)[105] 4,096–6,085 civilians killed by Russian airstrikes in Syria[106] Major insurgent attacks Foreign interventions IS genocide of minorities IS war crimes Timeline Foreign intervention in behalf of Syrian rebels U.S.-led intervention against ISIL Many states began to intervene against the Islamic State, in both the Syrian civil war and the War in Iraq (2013–2017), in response to its rapid territorial gains from its 2014 Northern Iraq offensives, universally condemned executions, human rights abuses and the fear of further spillovers of the Syrian civil war.

[137] On 14 December 2015, Saudi Deputy Crown Prince and Defense Minister Mohammed bin Salman Al Saud announced that 34 countries would join in the fight against Muslim extremism, which he called a "disease."

[166] Starting on 22 September 2014, the U.S., Bahrain, Jordan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates began numerous large-scale airstrikes against ISIL targets in Syria[167] with fighters, bombers, and sea-based Tomahawk cruise missiles.

On 23 July according to various Turkish news outlets, 60 elite Special Forces (ÖKK) operatives reportedly infiltrated Elbeyli-Ayyase village, 9 kilometers from the Syria-Turkey border in Syria, and took it back from ISIL militants.

Several human rights and observer organizations in the region reported that those who fled to the mountains were subjected to starvation, and lacked clean drinking water and medical care for several months as ISIL militants surrounded them.

[245][246][247] On 13 August 2014, the U.S. deployed another 130 military advisers to Northern Iraq[248] and up to 20 U.S. Marines and special forces servicemen landed on Mount Sinjar from V-22 aircraft to coordinate the evacuation of Yazidi refugees joining British SAS already in the area.

However, it limits military force to three years, requires the administration to report to Congress every 60 days, and prohibits the deployment of U.S. combat troops, except in specific cases, such as those involving the rescue or protection of U.S. soldiers, or for intelligence operations.

Sheikh Mahmud Nimrawi, a prominent tribal leader in the region, added that "U.S. forces intervened because of ISIL started to come near the base, which they are stationed in so out of self-defense," he responded, welcoming the U.S. intervention, and saying "which I hope will not be the last.

[262][263] On 3 October 2014, Prime Minister Tony Abbott and the Australian Cabinet approved for RAAF Boeing F/A-18F Super Hornet fighter bombers to begin airstrikes against Islamic State militants.

[269] Recent strikes had targeted equipment facilities, with "at least two" resulting in ISIL casualties after Australian aircraft had increased the number of missions flown to allow U.S. and coalition forces to assist Kurdish fighters around Kobanî, in northern Syria.

[287] On 2 December 2015, following the November 2015 Paris attacks and United Nations Security Council Resolution 2249, David Cameron opened a ten-hour debate in Parliament on Syrian airstrikes, which ended with a final vote.

[289][290] In December 2016, the Telegraph reported that Secretary of State for Defence Sir Michael Fallon said "The British Army have trained over 31,000 Iraqi and Peshmerga who are taking the fight to Daesh"[291] It was also reported that the Royal Air Force is operating at its most intense for 25 years in a single theatre of operation which far outstripped the UK involvement in the Iraq War and the War in Afghanistan (2001–2014), with RAF jets having dropped 11 times more bombs on Syria and Iraq in the preceding 12 months than they had in the busiest year of action in Afghanistan a decade previously.

In mid-June 2014, according to American and British sources, Iran sent Qasem Soleimani, commanding general of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps' Quds Force (IRGC-QF), to Iraq to help the government organize against ISIL.

On 1 August 2016, U.S. crewed and uncrewed aircraft carried out airstrikes on ISIL targets in Libya, responding to the U.N.-backed government's request to help push the militants from their stronghold of Sirte, in what U.S. officials described as the start of a sustained campaign against the extremist group in the city.

President Barack Obama authorized the airstrikes after a recommendation by U.S. Secretary of Defense Ash Carter; the strikes hit an ISIL tank and two vehicles that posed a threat to forces aligned with Libyan GNA (Government of National Accord).

U.S. AFRICOM command is overseeing the US effort, which is known as Operation Odyssey Lightning, AV-8B Harrier II assigned to the 22nd MEU flying off USS Wasp conducted the airstrikes and uncrewed aircraft launched from undisclosed locations.

CNN reported an AFRICOM statement that the strikes took place "In coordination with Libya's Government of National Accord and aligned forces" and that "The camp was used by ISIS to move fighters in and out of the country; stockpile weapons and equipment; and to plot and conduct attacks".

[374][375] On 27 February 2016, The Telegraph reported that British special forces had deployed alongside its U.S. counterparts in the city of Misrata to stop Islamist militants progress, their main role is to give tactical training to local militias and to build an army to fight ISIL.

[376] In addition, British defence minister Michael Fallon announced that Britain is sending 20 troops from the 4th Infantry Brigade to Tunisia to help prevent Islamic State fighters from moving into the country from Libya.

This became the de facto "capital" principally for two reasons: its proximity to the tribal areas of Pakistan, home of ISIL-KP's top leaders; and the presence of some people who follow a similar Salafi/Wahhabi interpretation of Islam to ISIL.

[385] In February 2015, ISIL-KP deputy commander Mullah Abdul Rauf Khadim was killed in a U.S. drone strike along with 5 others, his successor met the same fate a month later, and since then, the Islamic State has been absent from the southern Afghanistan.

[386][387] A report says that, according to a Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) spokesperson, in July 2015, a U.S. drone strike killed Shahidullah Shadid, a senior leader of ISIL-KP and 24 other militants, in Nangarhar province in Afghanistan.

[414] The Army Times reported that in early March 2017, American and Afghan forces launched Operation Hamza to "flush" ISIL-KP from its stronghold in eastern Afghanistan, engaging in regular ground battles.

[415] Stars and Stripes reported that General Dawlat Waziri, spokesman for Afghanistan's Defense Ministry, said that for four weeks before the 13 April Nangarhar airstrike (which was part of the operation), Afghan special forces unsuccessfully attempted to penetrate the area because of the difficult terrain and improvised explosive device (IEDs) planted by ISIL-KP militants.

[422] In October 2015, with the approval of the Cameroonian government, the U.S. military deployed 300 personnel to Cameroon, their primary missions will revolve around providing intelligence support to local forces as well as conducting reconnaissance flights.

[430][better source needed] The proclamation of the Islamic Emirate of Rafah was seen as a direct threat to the Hamas government, which had been the de facto authority in Gaza since 2007 (after winning the 2006 Palestinian legislative election but losing control of the West Bank Region in subsequent conflict).

[460][better source needed] International incidents In 2015 Hamas began a propaganda campaign to combat extremist ideologies in the Gaza Strip, At the time they denied it was targeted at ISIS or any other specific group.

[477] In August 2016, U.S. Army Lieutenant General Sean MacFarland told reporters at a news briefing "Although it's no measure of success and its difficult to confirm, we estimate that over the past 11 months we've killed about 25,000 enemy fighters.