Bad Brückenau is in the tree-lined Sinn valley, in the western Rhön Mountains – this river being a tributary of the Main.

It consists of five subdivisions: the central town and four suburbs: Staatsbad Brückenau, Wernarz, Volkers and Römershag.

Earliest mention of the town is made in a document dating back to 1249, when Fulda Abbey granted Sinn-Au certain privileges.

With that, Brückenau gained the rights to maintain its walls, hold markets, have its own council, cut tree in the forests, raise taxes on wine and so on.

In the administrative reform of 1970, the Staatsbad became part of the town and all of Brückenau was granted the official title "Bad".