[1] Source: Wiley Foundation[3] H. Robert Horvitz of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Stanley J. Korsmeyer of the Dana Farber Cancer Institute – For his seminal research on programmed cell death and the discovery that a genetic pathway accounts for the programmed cell death within an organism, and Korsmeyer was chosen for his discovery of the relationship between human lymphomas and the fundamental biological process of apoptosis.
C. David Allis, Ph.D., Joy and Jack Fishman, Professor, Laboratory of Chromatin Biology and Epigenetics at the Rockefeller University in New York – For the significant discovery that transcription factors can enzymatically modify histones to regulate gene activity.
Peter Walter, a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator, and Professor and Chairman of the Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics at the University of California San Francisco, and Kazutoshi Mori, a professor of biophysics, in the Graduate School of Science at Kyoto University, in Japan – For the discovery of the novel pathway by which cells regulate the capacity of their intracellular compartments to produce correctly folded proteins for export.
William Kaelin, Jr.; Steven McKnight; Peter J. Ratcliffe; Gregg L. Semenza for their work in oxygen sensing systems.
Clifford Brangwynne, Anthony Hyman, and Michael Rosen for a new principle of subcellular compartmentalization based on formation of phase-separated biomolecular condensates.
Michael J. Welsh, Paul Negulescu, Fredrick Van Goor, and Sabine Hadida for research and development leading to medicines that effectively treat cystic fibrosis by correcting the folding, trafficking, and functioning of the mutated cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR).
[8] Judith Kimble, Allan Spradling, and Raymond Schofield for their discovery of the stem cell niche, a localized environment that controls stem-cell identity.