Wilhelm (William) Dittenberger (August 31, 1840 in Heidelberg – December 29, 1906 in Halle (Saale)) was a German philologist in classical epigraphy.

After attending school in Heidelberg and Weimar (then directed by Hermann Sauppe), he studied classical philology at Jena from 1859 and transferred to Göttingen in 1861, where he was reunited with Hermann Sauppe and received his doctorate at the beginning of 1863 for a work on the Athenian ephebes.

His name is associated above all with the edited collections Sylloge Inscriptionum Graecarum (later re-edited by Friedrich Hiller von Gaertringen) and Orientis Graeci Inscriptiones Selectae.

For Inscriptiones Graecae, Dittenberger was responsible for the Athenian inscriptions of the Roman period, of Megaris and Boeotia, and of Phocis, Lokris, Aetolia, Acarnania and the Ionian Islands.

His son, Heinrich Dittenberger (1875–1952), was a lawyer in Halle, Leipzig, and Berlin, as well as Chief Director of the German Bar Association from 1910 to 1933.