Wilhelm Kramer

He furthered his education in Vienna and Paris, then returned to Berlin, where he served as an assistant to psychiatrist Anton Ludwig Ernst Horn.

[3] He was the author of "Erfahrungen über die Erkenntniss und Heilung der langwierigen Schwerhörigkeit" (1833), a work in the field of otology that was greatly revised and republished in 1836 with the title of "Die Erkenntniss und Heilung der Ohrenkrankheiten".

The second edition was translated into English by James Risdon Bennett as "Nature and treatment of diseases of the ear" (1837).

[4] The book was considered to be an important influence to the career of Prosper Ménière, who in 1848 produced a French translation, titled "Traite des maladies de l'oreille".

[5] Another work by Kramer that was translated into English was "The aural surgery of the present day" (1863), the original German title being "Die Ohrenheilkunde der Gegenwart".