The family was of French Huguenot origin that had come over to England at the time of the revocation of the Edict of Nantes.
His younger brother Henry Barraud was also a notable artist, and another, Edward, though talented in art did not take it up as a profession.
On leaving school he is said to have become a clerk in the Custom House where his father worked (although there are no records of this), but eventually became a pupil of artist Abraham Cooper.
The brothers also produced a book together entitled "Sketches of Figures and Animals" (H. Graves and Co. c. 1850).
William died in Kensington, London from dysentery and typhoid fever on 1 October 1850, in his fortieth year.