William Willoughby Cole, 3rd Earl of Enniskillen, FRS (25 January 1807 – 12 November 1886) styled by the courtesy title Viscount Cole until 1840, was an Irish palaeontologist and Conservative Member of Parliament.

He also served as the first Imperial Grand Master of the Orange Order from 1866 until his death.

He was the son of John Willoughby Cole, 2nd Earl of Enniskillen and his wife, Lady Charlotte Paget.

In his youth he began to devote his leisure to the study and collection of fossil fishes, with his friend Sir Philip Grey Egerton, 10th Bt, and amassed a fine collection at Florence Court, his home just south-west of Enniskillen.

He died in November 1886, aged 79, and was succeeded in his titles by his second but eldest surviving son from his first marriage, Lowry.