William Warder Cadbury (Chinese name: 嘉惠霖; 1877 – October 15, 1959) was an American physician, professor, researcher, author, and medical missionary.
One Hundred Years of the Canton Hospital, 1835-1935, which earned him recognition as the top 10 famous University of Pennsylvania Alumni for 1935.
Afterwards, he went to Vienna for graduate school and then returned to the University of Pennsylvania to teach pathology and pharmacology.
While studying to become a doctor at the University of Pennsylvania, W.W. Cadbury was inspired to work in China by a past graduate of Penn's Medical School, Andrew Patton Happer, who had raised money to establish Canton Christian College in 1888.
He said: "Can we, who have reaped what they have sowed, do better than follow their example and help the men in this great land of China to realize their ideals of establishing schools of medicine modeled after the institutions of Europe and America?
Since "Cadbury" was difficult to translate, his students called him a name that together meant "belief, elegance, and selfless" (3 characters: 嘉惠霖 Jiā Huìlín).
[2] In the same 1911 letter to the editor (mentioned in the above section), he shared the progress the school has made and plans for growth.
[2] By 1913, Cadbury had seen his students gain so much knowledge and experience at the school, and he proudly claimed that they were "well-educated young men of fine Christian character" ready to "do their share in the upbuilding of the great Chinese nation.
Thus, in addition to being involved in the hospital's internal medicine department, he helped establish a lab for pathology research and ran a rehabilitation center in the college.
As Cadbury continued to be an internal medicine doctor at Canton Hospital, he assumed important leadership roles.
[6] Additionally, he and his wife held worship services in their home and even exposed Christianity in the local villages.
[7] In the same 1911 letter, Cadbury spoke of the exciting opportunity to conduct "original research in a tropical city like Canton.
Starting in 1918, Cadbury treated lepers, who were outpatients in the Canton Hospital leprosy clinic, for one year.
[3] He wrote:"We must state that the various remedies, as outlined above, while in most cases of leprosy, they have definite therapeutic value, yet unless the patients are cared for in a sanatorium, given proper food, together with baths and attention to personal hygiene, a complete cure can hardly be looked for.
[9] Cadbury always emphasized that Canton Christian College was entirely a Chinese institution just receiving aid from foreigners.
In 1926, the Hospital closed due to concerns for the safety of foreign workers, but Cadbury urged its reopening.
[7] When the Japanese began attacking Canton in the late 1930s, Cadbury, as a Quaker (and therefore, a pacifist) at first felt conflicted about supporting China's fighting in the war.
This is because though he worked to rally the support of Americans for the Canton people, the Chinese (Nationalist) government gave very limited help to them.
For example, he found a young woman with mental illness tied to a chair; her family couldn't afford treatment for her.
Cadbury somehow found the funds to send her to John Kerr's Refuge for the Insane, and her health was soon restored.
For example, during the time period of Japanese aggression in the area, he and his wife Catharine cared for children who had lost their families and homes by bringing them to Lingnan Orphanage and the nearby Industrial School to learn.
Since Cadbury knew his medical work wouldn't allow him to put his full efforts into spreading religion in the villages, he asked a Chinese evangelist, Mr. Wong Kom To, to help.
Arguably the first book on Western medicine in China, it was published by the Kelly & Walsh Company in Shanghai.
In both China and the USA, he searched for and interviewed previous staff of the hospital and graduates of the University Medical School.
Cadbury's book is filled with extremely detailed accounts of the work done by the hospital staff and missionaries.
He served as vice-president of the Chinese Medical Association from 1935 to 1937, and as Canton chairman of the International Red Cross from 1938 to 1941.
In February 1943, after the United States and Japan declared war, Cadbury and his wife Catharine were arrested and interned by the Japanese in a camp in Canton.
For example, the Canton Health Department listened to his suggestion that "acute gastroenteritis and dysentery should be placed among the most important causes of death.
The perspective he shared and practiced was that a foreigner's ways cannot survive in China unless they adapt to the Chinese customs and culture.
In a 1925 speech in the USA, he said:"Don't waste time in America; help human beings dying without a doctor, without medicine.