Women's suffrage in Ohio
Also in 1917, the Reynolds Bill, which would allow women to vote in the next presidential election was passed, and then quickly repealed by a voter referendum sponsored by special-interest groups.
[1] Elizabeth Bisbee of Columbus decided to create a women's suffrage newspaper, the Alliance after reading the Declaration.
[6] Women said of the men attending the convention, "They then learned for the first time in the world's history how it felt to sit in silence when questions in which they were interested were being discussed.
[7] The effects of the convention were later felt as far west as Wyoming, where John Allen Campbell in 1869 signed the first bill granting equal women's suffrage in the United States.
"[11] Thousands of signatures were collected and the debates at the Constitutional Convention were so heated, that the exact words were not kept in the official records of the proceedings.
[16] The group immediately began working on a petition to present to the Ohio Legislature requesting women's suffrage.
[17] Well-known suffragists such as Susan B. Anthony, Amelia Bloomer, Antoinette Brown, Lucretia Mott and Lucy Stone all came to participate in the convention that drew women from around the country.
In Shelby, a small town with a disproportionate number of saloons, women became involved in political organizing over prohibition and creating alternative places for men to visit, such as reading rooms.
[32] Starting in the Spring of 1900, Upton visited fifteen important Ohio towns and helped organize local suffrage efforts there.
[38] Caroline McCullough Everhard, who helped form the Equal Rights Association of Massillon and Canton, was a wealthy woman who was taxed, but unable to vote.
[4] In 1894, Everhard and Governor William McKinley worked together to lobby Ohio lawmakers on the issue of women voting in school board elections.
[39] Everhard also worked to promote Elizabeth Folger in her successful run for the school board in Massillon, Ohio in 1895.
[40] In Xenia, Ohio, Mary Moore and Eliza Carruthers also won positions on their local school boards.
[41] In 1911, Elizabeth Hauser of Cleveland questioned each of the six candidates running for mayor on whether they supported women's suffrage and only one publicly did not.
[36] Florence E. Allen traveled to 66 counties in Ohio in 1911 speaking to farmers' groups and unions about women's suffrage.
[21] There was a campaign to collect signatures for a referendum to change the words in the constitution from describing voters as "white male" to "every citizen.
[53] Rosalie G. Jones and Elizabeth Freeman took out "The Little Yellow Wagon" in July 1912 from Cleveland and traveled to Medina, promoting the women's vote.
[22] Katharine organized a suffrage parade on October 24, 1914 in Dayton where Orville and her father, Bishop Milton Wright, also marched.
[32] The driving force behind suffrage efforts in Lakewood came from a group of 123 women who created a Political Study Club.
[68] The Woman Citizen pointed out that the petitions did not represent a grassroots movement and were instead the result of special interests against women's suffrage.
[21] An effort to put a voter referendum on the ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment was ended by Ohio Secretary of State, Harvey C.
[71] Hallie Quinn Brown, who was involved with women's clubs and the Republican Party, was an important suffrage leader in Ohio.
[73] When an equal rights bill was defeated by the Republican-majority legislature in Ohio in 1919, Black women demonstrated their displeasure.
Timothy Walker, who founded the law school at the University of Cincinnati, helped create a foundation for understanding women's legal's rights.
[20] When famous suffragists including Susan B. Anthony campaigned in Ohio in 1867, they brought George Francis Train with them on the tour.
[19] The next year, in Columbus, an Ohio State University (OSU) professor, J. V. Denney, helped found a chapter of the league in February.
[80] Suffragist leader, Harriet Taylor Upton, made this explicit during one campaign, saying "There will be no union of forces with the drys this fall to secure our equal rights amendment to the constitution.
[81] A petition circulating in Columbus in 1912 expressed the idea that women already had "their full share of influence and responsibility for the public welfare" without the need to vote.
[50] English language periodicals in Columbus also sensationalized the more militant aspects of suffrage activism, publishing stories on the escalating tactics of suffragettes in London.
[85] Some Progressive Party candidates in Ohio did not endorse women's suffrage privately, though publicly they signaled support.
