It causes seedling blight, leaf spot, blackarm (on stem and petioles), black vein and boll rot.

On the leaves, scattered small dark-green, water-soaked, areolate spots, form measuring 1–2 mm on the lower surface, which appear translucent against transmitted light.

On susceptible cultivars numerous spots can occur, causing chlorosis, necrosis and distortion, and eventually defoliation.

They provide the cheapest and best strategy to fight pest and disease infections, especially in plants grown for commercial purposes.

[citation needed] An observation of cotton tissue during resistance reveals; disorganization of organelles such as nuclei and chloroplasts, rapidly collapsed cells at the infection areas, and condensed cytoplasm (Al-Mousawi et al., 1982).

The oxylipin pathway is characterized by ethylene-response transcription factors that play a major role in integrating signals to activate jasmonic acid, which initiates resistance (Champion et al., 2009).

[citation needed] On being infected with the blight bacteria (1 and 3), the bacterial cells inject the effectors created to develop resistance genes within the host nuclei.