Xylopia is a compression from Greek ξυλον πικρον (xylon pikron) meaning "bitter wood".

[4] This species is present in the following countries: Xylopia aethiopica is used extensively in construction, African cuisine and traditional medicine.

The wood is known to be resistant to termite attack and is used in hut construction: posts, scantlings, roof-ridges and joists.

[6] An infusion of the plant's bark or fruit has been useful in the treatment of bronchitis and dysenteric conditions, or as a mouthwash to treat toothaches.

In the eastern part of Nigeria, the plant's fruit is an essential ingredient in preparation of local soups to aid new mothers in breastfeeding.