The reserve was creating by law on April 28, 1988, to protect both wild fauna and indigenous peoples.

Important indigenous mammals that live within the reserve include red brocket deer (Mazama americana), collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu), white-lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari), nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus), and agouti (Dasyprocta sp.

[2] The Spix's guan (Penelope jacquacu) is a bird protected in the reserve, and significant fish species include the boquichico (Prochilodus sp.)

the sábalo (Brycon melanopoterum), the palometa (Mylossoma aureum), the doncella (Pseudoplatystoma sp.

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