Yehoshua Barzilai-Eisenstadt (August 20, 1855 – May 2, 1918[1]) was an early Zionist leader and writer.

He was one of the founders of the covert B'nei Moshe organization, and a leader of the Hovevei Zion movement.

[2] Barzillai was born in Belarus, then part of the Russian Empire, to a rabbinical family.

[3] He also served as secretary for Hovevei Zion in Jaffa, traveling extensively across the new settlements in the Land of Israel and becoming a key contact for pioneers' inquiries.

[4] He was a co-founder of the Rehavia Gymnasium in Jerusalem, Israel's first modern high school.