The yellow-bellied seedeater (Sporophila nigricollis) is a species of bird in the family Thraupidae, formerly placed with the American sparrows in the Emberizidae.

The hooded seedeater was a proposed bird species described by Austrian ornithologist August von Pelzeln as Spermophila melanops in 1870.

The only known individual was heavily moulted and caught in October 1823 from a flock of other seedeater species at the edge of a lake 15 kilometres north of Registro do Araguaia, Brazil.

The bird had a black crest and throat, the upperparts were olive, and the underparts showed a dingy buff.

In contrast, a typical yellow-bellied seedeater has pale yellow underparts and the black colouring extends to the upper breast.