Zedekiah Kidwell (January 4, 1814 – April 27, 1872) was a nineteenth-century politician, physician, lawyer, teacher and clerk from Virginia and West Virginia.

He served two terms in the United States House of Representatives from 1853 to 1857.

Kidwell received an English education and studied medicine.

He resumed studying medicine and graduated from Jefferson Medical College in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1839, commencing practice in Fairfax County, Virginia.

That year he was also elected a Democrat to the United States House of Representatives, serving 1853 to 1857.