It was known as "Lee's Foreign Legion" due to the large numbers of foreign-born troops.

[1] 10th Infantry Regiment was assembled at Camp Moore, Louisiana, during June and July 1861, and soon moved to Virginia.

[2] In April 1862, it totaled 595 men and during the war served in McLaws', Semmes', Starke's, Nicholls', Iverson's, Stafford's, and York's Brigades.

At the Battle of Gettysburg in July 1863, the regiment was part of the brigade of Col. Jesse Williams and participated in a series of unsuccessful attacks on Union entrenchments on Culp's Hill.

The field officers were Colonels Antoine James de Marigny, Henry D. Monier, and Eugene Waggaman; Lieutenant Colonels Jules C. Denis and J. M. Legett; and Majors Felix Dumonteil, Thomas N. Powell, and William H. Spencer.