2-Hydroxyisobutyric acid is the organic compound with the formula (CH3)2C(OH)CO2H.

A white solid, it is classified as an hydroxycarboxylic acid.

It has been considered as a naturally occurring precursor to polyesters.

[5] The amides formed from this carboxylic acid and the ε-amino group of lysine residues are a kind of post translational modification.

[6][7] Ethyl methacrylate (an industrially important monomer and ester of methacrylic acid) was first obtained by treating the ethyl ester of 2-hydroxyisobutyric acid with phosphorus pentachloride in an apparent dehydration reaction.