A. Gent are the defending champions having won their third Belgian Cup in the 2009-10 season.
The quarter- and semifinals were played in a two-leg modus, where the team winning on aggregate advanced.
Teams entered the competition in different rounds, based upon their 2009–10 league affiliation.
Teams from the fourth-level Promotion or lower began in Round 1.
The starting five rounds featured only teams of lower divisions and all matches were played during the summer and early fall, mostly in July and August.