[10] In June 2023, Elanco requested a consultation with the U.S. FDA's Center for Veterinary Medicine regarding Bovaer's drug status for use as a methane inhibitor in dairy cows.

[7] The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) concluded that Bovaer meets safety and efficacy standards for use in lactating dairy cattle, stating that it does not negatively impact milk production or quality.

[14][16] In response to these challenges, Arla is actively seeking government support to facilitate the adoption of sustainable practices among farmers, highlighting that financial assistance could play a crucial role in transitioning to greener methods.

[17][8] A comprehensive study conducted in the Netherlands involving 150 dairy farms and over 20,000 cows demonstrated that Bovaer is more effective at higher dosages and when incorporated with corn in the cattle's diet.

[8] The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has concluded that Bovaer is safe for use in dairy cattle, with no significant adverse effects on milk production, composition, or animal health observed during trials.

[17][11] Furthermore, the product has been approved for use in over 55 countries, including Brazil, Chile, and Canada, reflecting its global acceptance and potential impact on reducing agricultural greenhouse gas emissions.

[8] In addition to its environmental benefits, the use of Bovaer could provide financial incentives for farmers through participation in voluntary carbon markets and conservation programs, potentially yielding returns of $20 or more per lactating cow annually.

In the U.S., approximately $89 million in grants from the USDA’s Regional Conservation Partnership Program (RCPP) has been allocated to support dairy producers implementing technologies like Bovaer to reduce methane emissions.

[18][11] This funding not only incentivizes farmers to adopt sustainable practices but also helps create a robust market for carbon credits as demand for lower-carbon foods rises globally.

The consistent findings across diverse trials support the potential for 3-NOP to play a significant role in sustainable dairy farming practices aimed at mitigating environmental impacts while optimizing production outcomes.

In a study conducted at Penn State University, the addition of 3-NOP to the diet resulted in a 26% reduction in daily methane emissions, with similar findings reported across various trials.

[22][23] A meta-analysis encompassing data from multiple studies confirmed that 3-NOP supplementation leads to a 24% decrease in enteric methane emissions, with no adverse effects on dry matter intake (DMI) or milk yield observed.