[2] In January 1943, the 320th Infantry Division was called to service on the Eastern Front in response to the imminent defeat of the 6th Army in Stalingrad.

The division was first sent to the Eastern Front's southern sector and saw first combat at Izium in early February, which was an intro to the Soviet defeat at the Third Battle of Kharkov.

In July 1943, the 320th Infantry Division fought in Operation Citadel, the last major German offensive on the Eastern Front.

The division, now under the command of Otto Schell, was destroyed over the course of the month of August 1944 during the Soviet Second Jassy–Kishinev Offensive in Bessarabia.

Its final commander, after a brief tenure of a few days during February by Rolf Scherenberg, had been Emmanuel von Kiliani.