[2] Prior to 1960, the dominant standards for structural steel in North America were A7 (until 1967[3]) and A9 (for buildings, until 1940[4]).
Young's modulus for A36 steel is 29,000 kilopounds per square inch (200 gigapascals).
[7] A36 steel in plates, bars, and shapes with a thickness of less than 8 inches (203 millimeters) has a minimum yield strength of 36 ksi (250 MPa) and ultimate tensile strength of 58–80 ksi (400–550 MPa).
High-strength bolts have largely replaced structural steel rivets.
Indeed, the latest steel construction specifications published by AISC (the 15th Edition) no longer covers their installation.