Abel Claypole Pepper (April 20, 1793 – March 20, 1860) was an American politician, law enforcement officer, and Indian agent.

During his long career in government service, Pepper oversaw the removal of American Indians in Indiana, Illinois, Michigan and Wisconsin on behalf of the United States Department of War, signing treaties with Indigenous peoples, which eventually resulted in the Potawatomi Trail of Death.

He served in the Indiana House of Representatives three times and was a United States Marshall.

He changed his career path after incorrectly prescribing the wrong medication to a patient.

He started studying law and represented, unlicensed, a local farmer in court.

[3] He joined the Indiana Militia, in which he earned the rank of colonel and brigadier general.

"[3] In 1829, Pepper was appointed by Andrew Jackson in Fort Wayne, Indiana to the United States Department of War as a sub-Indian agent, focused on the removal of American Indians in Illinois, Indiana, Michigan and Wisconsin.

After his tenure, he was appointed by President James K. Polk a United States marshal, serving from 1845 until 1849.