The station conducts ecological, geological, geomorphological and meteorological research in subarctic environments and each year about 500 scientists visit from all over the world.

These features, which have caused the area to be given National Park status, also make it an important place for scientific research, particularly of alpine and subalpine ecosystems.

The station holds meteorological datasets extending back to 1913, including air and soil temperature, precipitation and UV radiation.

The Abisko Scientific Research Station served as base for early high mountain permafrost studies in northern Sweden.

[2] In recent years, research has included work on permafrost degradation,[3] the importance of winter climate change [4] and tree-line dynamics.