Abraham ben Shem Tov Bibago (c. 1420–1489) was a Sephardic Jewish philosopher, scholar, rabbi, preacher, theologian, and author from Aragon.

[3][4] He was a leader of the Jewish community in Saragossa, his birthplace, and Huesca, where he moved around 1470, and directed a yeshiva there where philosophy was a key part of the curriculum.

[5][6] He played a role in the intellectual controversies of 15th-century Spain, defended the study of philosophy and its place in Jewish life, and critiqued philosophers who disregarded the importance of faith.

[7] Like Judah Messer Leon, he made use of Christian, Arabic-Hebrew, and Latin sources, and sought to understand Christian theology and philosophy, including methods of proof, criticizing zealotry and what he saw as false beliefs that lacked knowledge.

[1] His work became well known to other 15th and 16th century Jewish philosophers in Spain, Ottoman Empire, Italy, such as Isaac Arama or Solomon ibn Verga, who knew of his court polemics, while Meir ibn Gabbai and Solomon Alkabetz took a more critical view of him and his theological approach.