The abbey was built in 1136 at the instigation of the Archbishop of Besançon, Anseric de Montréal, and of Renaud III, Count of Burgundy, about 5 kilometres distant from an existing settlement of hermits.
The initial community of monks were from Cherlieu Abbey, and Acey was therefore of the filiation of Clairvaux.
In 1184 it was able to found a daughter house, Pilis Abbey in Hungary (dissolved in 1526).
In 1650, 6 bays of the nave of the abbey church collapsed over a length of 30 metres.
Various uses of the premises followed, after the restoration of the monarchy mostly religious, until in 1873 the buildings were again occupied by a Cistercian community, in the form of Trappist monks from Aiguebelle Abbey.