[1] Adversarial collaboration can involve a neutral moderator[2] and lead to a co-designed experiment and joint publishing of findings in order to resolve differences.
Latham and Erez designed four experiments which explained the differences between their individual findings, but did not coin the term adversarial collaboration.
[6] More recently, Clark and Tetlock have proposed adversarial collaboration as a vehicle for improving how science can self-correct through exploring rival hypotheses which will ultimately expose false claims.
[9] Adversarial collaboration has been recommended by Daniel Kahneman[10] and others as a way of reducing the distorting impact of cognitive-motivational biases on human reasoning[11] and resolving contentious issues in fringe science.
And adversarial collaboration is least feasible when most needed: when the scientific community lacks clear criteria for falsifying points of view, disagrees on key methodological issues, relies on second- or third-best substitute methods for testing causality, and is fractured into opposing camps that engage in ad hominem posturing and that have intimate ties to political actors who see any concession as weakness.