[2] Between 1999 and 2002, he served as a legislator in Bengkulu's Regional People's Representative Council (DPRD).

[1] He won in Bengkulu city's mayoral election in 2007.

[3] However, he lost his 2012 reelection to Helmi Hasan, winning 70,812 (48.54%) votes.

[4] He ran as a senator representing Bengkulu in the 2014 legislative election and secured a seat, winning the most votes among other senatorial candidates from the province.

[7] He ran for a third term in 2024, but failed to win a seat.