Akhtyrsky Uyezd (Russian: Ахтырский уезд, Ukrainian: Охтирський повіт) was an uyezd (district) in the Kharkov Governorate of the Russian Empire, Ukrainian State and Soviet Ukraine This uyezd was created on April 25, 1780 by order of the Empress Catherine the Great.
The uyezd had one town (Okhtyrka) and consisted of 13 volosts.
In the early 1890s, construction of a chaussee began through the uyezd.
At the time of the Russian Empire Census of 1897, Akhtyrsky Uyezd had a population of 161,243.
Of these, 87.6% spoke Ukrainian, 11.3% Russian, 0.5% Belarusian, 0.2% Yiddish, 0.1% Polish and 0.1% German as their native language.