[24][25] Putellas has been a supporter of FC Barcelona since her early childhood[26] and would travel with the penya of Mollet del Vallès to watch matches at the Camp Nou with her father.

Putellas interpreted her mother's request as a reflection of machismo, specifically prejudice towards girls playing football, in society,[30] saying that her family themselves always accepted her ambitions.

[48] Joining Barcelona was her dream, but she had to leave when the women's system was restructured and there was no team for her age group;[13][30] Xavi Llorens, who became manager in 2006, reflected that he always expected Putellas to return, "it was just a matter of waiting for the right time".

[54] Already a star in the fledgling women's football world in Spain after her success with the youth national team,[13][55][56] Putellas attracted attention when she moved to Valencian club Levante[13] at the age of seventeen, only a month after the 2011 Copa de la Reina final.

[57] Levante did not compete in the 2012 Copa de la Reina due to failing to qualify in the previous season, but had numerous Spain football veterans and a professional environment, unusual at the time, which is said to have contributed to Putellas' individual growth.

[86] Putellas won her third league title with the club when Barcelona were crowned champions in April 2015,[87] before scoring the opening goal in their derbi femení victory.

[37] Putellas missed Barcelona's first UEFA Women's Champions League match of the 2015–16 season against BIIK Kazygurt,[91] returning in the second leg to provide an assist for Jennifer Hermoso in a 4–0 win.

[37] In the quarter-finals of the 2016 Copa de la Reina, Putellas scored a brace and provided an assist for Míriam Diéguez in a 5–1 win against Real Sociedad.

[citation needed] In October, Putellas scored four goals (of Barcelona's nine) in a league game against Rayo Vallecano, as well as drawing a penalty for her team, leading AS to say she was already a reference in Spanish women's football.

On 13 February 2021, Putellas played the 2020 Copa de la Reina final against Logroño, and drew a penalty which she scored to put Barcelona 1–0 up.

[128] The following week, she played against Atlético Madrid in the semi-final of the 2021 Supercopa de España Femenina, where she scored a free-kick in the 90th minute to tie the match and take it to extra time.

[150][151] In the month of October, Putellas kicked off Barcelona's 2021–22 UEFA Women's Champions League campaign by scoring their second goal in a 4–1 group stage win against Arsenal.

[159] Putellas began Barcelona's 2021–22 Copa de la Reina campaign by scoring a goal in a 3–1 win against Rayo Vallecano in the Round of 16 of the tournament.

[citation needed] On 5 July 2022, Putellas suffered an ACL injury while training with the Spain national team before the 2022 UEFA Women's Euro.

[182][183] Putellas moved back to the forward line ahead of Barcelona's 2023–24 season, playing as a striker or false 9, something that had been discussed between her and the coaching staff to make use of her goalscoring abilities;[184] planning for her post-injury return during the previous season, head coach Jonatan Giráldez had thought to use Putellas in the more advanced role due to the successful midfield collaboration of Bonmatí, Patricia Guijarro and Keira Walsh.

She took her shirt off and ran to celebrate with the fans, bowing to them[199] – Barcelona set a new record for the largest travelling contingent in women's football[200] – and receiving a yellow card in one of the last actions of the match.

After the four-player formation proved unsuccessful in their first 2024–25 UEFA Women's Champions League match, Putellas returned to playing inside in the midfield most of the time.

Despite the high-ranking opposition, Putellas had gone into the group confident, comparing her side's gameplay to that of the Spain men's senior team and saying they would "defend the shirt to the death".

[233] She started in each of Spain's group stage games at the UEFA Women's Euro 2017, where they advanced to the knockouts on a head-to-head tiebreaker with a record of one win and two losses.

[245][246] In September 2022, Putellas gave her public support to fifteen of her Spain teammates, known as Las 15, who refused to play for the national team until the RFEF addressed their concerns about their poor mental and physical health in the squad.

[247][248] As the RFEF refused to acknowledge the protest, Putellas acted as a mediator between players and the federation; aiming to see the conflict resolved before the 2023 FIFA Women's World Cup, some improvements in condition were achieved.

[254] Turmoil in the squad returned immediately following the World Cup victory, due to the Rubiales affair, including the #SeAcabó movement started by Putellas;[255][256] most eligible players refused to play for the team but were called up anyway for the 2023–24 UEFA Women's Nations League in September 2023.

Under legal threat if they did not attend, causing public outcry,[257][258] Putellas was part of a meeting in Oliva that saw the RFEF agree to make significant structural changes promptly.

[260][261] With her position as the team's unifier, leader, and spokesperson,[262][255] it was reported that some people in power at the RFEF were unhappy with the influence Putellas holds over football in Spain and that they want to try to remove her.

[290] In 2015, when CF Mollet UE started a women's football section, Putellas was invited to be ambassador, a role she accepted; she regularly visits the club when she is in her hometown.

[295][296] She had first been given the nickname in a tongue-in-cheek fashion at the 2021 Copa de la Reina final; neither the RFEF president, Luis Rubiales, nor sponsor Queen Letizia attended the match as planned, considered a snub towards expected winners Barcelona.

[298] Along with Lionel Messi and Johan Cruyff, Putellas is one of three footballers to be awarded the Creu de Sant Jordi, one of the highest civilian orders in Catalonia.

[322] For International Women's Day 2023, the viewpoint (mirador) overlooking historic Romanesque monuments in Sant Joan les Fonts was named for Putellas.

[332][333][299] She has been featured in various miniseries documenting female footballers, including the 2021 Rakuten TV Campeonas,[334] the 2022 Barça TV+ Queens of the Pitch,[335] and the third episode of UEFA's 2023 Equals.

[338] There have been two series focused on Putellas exclusively, both released in 2022: TV3's La nit d'Alèxia[339][340] and Amazon Prime Video's Alexia: Labor Omnia Vincit.