[1] It was established in 2004 to protect the diverse forest types in the area, especially the rainforests on white sandy soil and watercourses which provide drinking water to the city of Iquitos.

[1] Allpahuayo-Mishana National Reserve spans an area of 58,069.9 hectares (224.209 sq mi) and is located in the province of Maynas, region of Loreto, 23 km southwest of the city of Iquitos.

[1] Plants found in the reserve include: Hevea guianensis, Syagrus smithii, Epistephium parviflorum, Pachira insignis, Oenocarpus bataua, Cordia nodosa, Aspidosperma excelsum, Micrandra spruceana, Iriartea deltoidea, Diclinanona tessmannii, Bactris simplicifrons, Pagamea coriacea, Theobroma subincanum, Parkia multijuga, Coryanthes alborosea, Annona montana, Brosimum utile, Euterpe precatoria, Iryanthera juruensis, etc.

[6] Birds present in the reserve include: the white-throated tinamou, the blue-and-yellow macaw, the nocturnal curassow, the reddish hermit, the Iquitos gnatcatcher, the Connecticut warbler, the Mishana tyrannulet, the fork-tailed woodnymph, the white-throated toucan, Spix's guan, the white-necked jacobin, the red-necked woodpecker, etc.

[6][7][8] Amphibians present in the reserve include: Boana geographica, Pristimantis acuminatus, Ranitomeya reticulata, Leptodactylus pentadactylus, etc.