[12] In this, the past is studied through preserving its sources including landscape (ancient monuments or heritage sites) and physical artefacts.
The preservation and restoration are important for all heritage sites, particularly at locations of ancient monuments and archaeological areas that are in dangerous or delicate conditions.
[13] To protect, preserve and care for ancient monuments, there were a number of laws and Acts passed during the late nineteenth and twentieth century.
[15] The aforementioned was passed after several unsuccessful attempts, which ensured governmental involvement in England and Ireland to legally preserve and conserve ancient monuments.
Following this, in 1913, the Ancient Monuments Consolidation and Amendment Act provided an extension to the existing powers by introducing a concept known as the Preservation Orders.
Additionally, any ancient monument could be considered for inclusion on that list, not just those in the Guardian of the State, and this meant that for the first time legislative protection could officially be applied on a large scale.
In the immediate aftermath of the Second World War, a committee was established to look into the existing state and future direction of archaeological work in Britain.
[21] This resulted in the publication of A Survey and policy of field research in the archaeology of Great Britain and from this, more information about the past to fill gaps in knowledge.
[22] Physical planning at archaeological sites around ancient monuments help direct the vehicle and pedestrian traffic from sensitive areas.
Other modern methods include preventive maintenance through acts such as the reduction of traffic vibration or air pollution through town planning controls.
[26] Following the mass decolonisation period post World War II, identity through remains, the past and landscapes became more common and global tourism exponentially increased.
[32] This included five key factors; to find spiritual and emotional connection, to discover new things, to engage mentally, to interact or belong as well as searching for peace to relax.
In the modern world, most archaeologists are involved in excavations to rescue and preserve archaeological traces that can be damaged from activities such as housing, road-building, natural gas pipelines or airports.
[41] As such, archaeologists are taking care of several ancient monuments and historical sites, and with the growth of tourism, this has become more vital and is defined as "heritage management".