[2][3] He has formerly held the positions of Chairman of "Fondo Italiano di Investimento[4] and Executive Director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF),[5] representing the governments of Italy, Albania, Greece, Malta, Portugal, and San Marino.
[8][9][10] Montanino started his carrier at the Research Department of Confindustria, the Italian Employers Association but soon, in 1999, joined the Prime Minister's Office as senior economist.
[13][14] From 2012 to 2014, he acted as Executive Director and Board Member of the International Monetary Fund based in Washington D.C., representing the governments of Italy, Albania, Greece, Malta, Portugal, and San Marino.
[11][15][16][17][18][19] In 2014 Montanino joined the Atlantic Council, a non-partisan American think tank based in Washington D.C. in the field of international affairs favoring Atlanticism, to lead the Global Business and Economics Program.
He is Cavaliere Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana and he has been awarded in 2014 as "Best in class" by the Alumni of the Faculty of Economics of Sapienza University.